Keywords
Preterm delivery
Bharatpur
screening
Risk factors
How to Cite
Abstract
Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an important cause of preventable blindness in prematurely born children. With the advancement of neonatal care for these children, the rate of their survival is increasing, so is the probability of development of ROP among them.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity among infants.
Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric ophthalmology, Bharapur Eye Hospital. Records from 1st July 2022 to 31st Dec 2023 were analyzed. It included preterm babies with a gestational age of ≤ 34 weeks and/or a birth weight of ≤1750 g and older children on oxygen therapy referred for ocular examination. maternal and neonatal risk factors were noted. Chi-square test and independent t-tests were used to analyze data with p- value ≤ 0.05 as significant.
Results: A total of 141 neonates were screened, 68 (48.23%) male and 73 (51.77%) female. Mean delivery age was 33.007±2.38 weeks (range: 26-40 weeks), and mean birth weight was 1638.16±464.58 g (range: 840-3180 g). Normal vaginal deliveries were 35 (24.82%), and C-sections were 106 (75.18%). ROP incidence was 20 (14.18%) out of which 8 (40%) neonates with ROP were referred to higher centre, while the rest resolved spontaneously. Premature rupture of the membrane 44 (31.31%) was the major maternal risk factor, and respiratory distress syndrome was noted in 21 (14.89%) neonates.
Conclusion: ROP screening should be performed in all preterm low birth weight infants. Reducing childhood blindness from ROP requires combined efforts from neonatologists, obstetricians, and ophthalmologists.
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