Clinical and histopathological outcome of adnexal mass in a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Introduction: Adnexal mass in women of all age groups is a common presentation. Early diagnosis and intervention play an important role in the management of ovarian cyst as malignant mass is fatal and late diagnosis is associated with high mortality. Thus, timely evaluation and management is essential to improve the prognosis and survival rate of malignant ovarian mass.
Objective: To assess the pattern of outcomes in women presenting with adnexal mass in a tertiary care centre.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of Kathmandu Medical College, from 1st January to 1st April 2025 after obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional review committee. All women with adnexal mass meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Convenience sampling method was used. The data was analysed by using statistical package for social sciences, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA).
Results: Among 56 patients, 19 (33.9%) of them were in the age group of 20-30. Surgical intervention was done in 21 (37.5%) cases, among which total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was done in 7 (33.3) patients, deroofing in 1 (4.8 %) patient, cystectomy in 9 (42.9%) cases, salpingo-oophorectomy in 3 (14.2%) cases and subtotal hysterectomy in 1 (4.8%) patient. The commonest histopathological examination finding was mature cystic teratoma 8 (39%) followed by serous cystadenoma 4 (19%).
Conclusion: Benign ovarian cysts are common in the reproductive age group and among them mature cystic teratoma and serous cystadenoma are the leading ones.